Bear Markets Come And Go

The longest bull market in history lasted almost 11 years before coronavirus fears and the realities of a seriously disrupted U.S. economy brought it to an end.

If you are losing sleep over volatility driven by a cascade of disheartening news, it may help to remember that the stock market is historically cyclical. There have been 10 bear markets (prior to this one) since 1950, and the market has recovered eventually every time.

Bear markets are typically defined as declines of 20% or more from the most recent high, and bull markets are increases of 20% or more from the bear market low. But there is no official declaration, so in some cases there are different interpretations regarding when these cycles begin and end.

On average, bull markets lasted longer (1,955 days) than bear markets (431 days) over this period, and the average bull market advance (172.0%) was greater than the average bear market decline (-34.2%).

Bear Markets Since 1950

August 1956 to October 1957
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 446
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -21.5%
December 1961 to June 1962
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 196
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -28.0%
February 1966 to October 1966
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 240
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -22.2%
November 1968 to May 1970
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 543
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -36.1%
January 1973 to October 1974
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 630
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -48.2%
November 1980 to August 1982
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 622
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -27.1%
August 1987 to December 1987
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 101
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -33.5%
July 1990 to October 1990
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 87
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -19.9%*
March 2000 to October 2002
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 929
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -49.1%
October 2007 to March 2009
- Calendar Days to Bottom: 517
- U.S. Stock Market Decline (S&P 500 Index): -56.8%

*The intraday low marked a decline of -20.2%, so this cycle is often considered a bear market.

The bottom line is that neither the ups nor the downs last forever, even if they feel as though they will. During the worst downturns, there were short-term rallies and buying opportunities. And in some cases, people have profited over time by investing carefully just when things seemed bleakest.

If you're reconsidering your current investment strategy, a volatile market is probably the worst time to turn your portfolio inside out. Dramatic price swings can magnify the impact of a wholesale restructuring if the timing of that move is a little off. A well-thought-out asset allocation and diversification strategy is still the fundamental basis of good investment planning. Changes in your portfolio don't necessarily need to happen all at once. Try not to let fear derail your long-term goals.

The return and principal value of stocks fluctuate with changes in market conditions. Shares, when sold, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Asset allocation and diversification are methods used to help manage investment risk; they do not guarantee a profit or protect against investment loss.

The S&P 500 is an unmanaged group of securities that is considered to be representative of the U.S. stock market in general. The performance of an unmanaged index is not indicative of the performance of any specific investment. Individuals cannot invest directly in an index. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results. Actual results will vary.

Source: Yahoo! Finance, 2020 (data for the period 6/13/1949 to 3/12/2020)